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The Voltech Handbook of Transformer Testing

Description
This article covers a wide range of transformer theory and Voltech's testing capability.
The Voltech Handbook of Transformer Testing
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Expand 1 Transformer Basics1 Transformer Basics
Collapse 2 Available Tests2 Available Tests
2.1 CTY - Continuity
2.2 R - Winding Resistance
2.3 RLS or RLP - Equivalent Series or Parallel R
2.4 LS_LP - Primary Inductance
2.5 LSB_LPB - Inductance With Bias Current
2.6 QL - Q factor
2.7 D - Dissipation Factor
2.8 LL - Leakage Inductance
2.9 C - Inter-winding Capacitance
2.10 TR - Turns Ratio and Phasing
2.11 TRL - Turns Ratio by Inductance
2.12 Z_ZB - Impedance_Impedance with Bias
2.13 R2 - DC Resistance Match
2.14 L2 - Inductance Match
2.15 C2 - Capacitance Match
2.16 GBAL - General Longitudinal Balance
2.17 LBAL - Longitudinal Balance
2.18 ILOS - Insertion Loss
2.19 RESP - Frequency Response
2.20 RLOS - Return Loss
2.21 ANGL - Impedance Phase Angle
2.22 PHAS - Inter-winding Phase Test
2.23 TRIM - Trimming Adjustment
2.24 OUT - Output To User Port
2.25 IR - Insulation Resistance
2.26 HPDC - DC HI-POT
2.27 HPAC - AC HI-POT
2.28 SURG - Surge Stress Test
2.29 STRW - Stress Watts
2.30 MAGI - Magnetizing Current
2.31 VOC - Open Circuit Voltage
2.32 WATX - Wattage (External Source)
2.33 STRX - Stress Watts (External Source)
2.34 MAGX - Magnetizing Current (Ext. Source)
2.35 VOCX - O.C. Voltage (External Source)
2.36 LVOC - Low Voltage Open Circuit
2.37 ILK - Leakage Current
2.38 LSBX - Inductance with External Bias (Series)
2.39 LPBX - Inductance with External Bias (Parallel)
2.40 ZBX - Impedance with External Bias
2.41 ACRT - AC HI-POT Ramp
2.42 DCAT - DC HI-POT Ramp
2.43 ACVB - AC Voltage Break Down
2.44 DCVB - DC Voltage Break Down
2.45 WATT - Wattage
2.0 Available Tests On The AT Series
Expand 3 Examples of Different Transformer Types3 Examples of Different Transformer Types

2.21 ANGL - Impedance Phase Angle

Where Used


The impedance phase angle test measures the angle ? of the impedance vector Z, as shown in the phasor diagram.
It represents the phase difference between the fundamental current flowing through a winding and the fundamental voltage across it.
This test is normally used for audio and telecommunication transformers along with the Z test to check the complex impedance presented to the transformers input and output.

Measurement Conditions

The impedance phase angle test measures the angle of the impedance vector Z, as shown in the phasor diagram.It represents the phase difference between the fundamental current flowing through a winding and the fundamental voltage across it.
This test is normally used for audio and telecommunication transformers along with the Z test to check the complex impedance presented to the transformers input and output

An AC voltage is applied across the winding under test, the complex impedance is determined from measurement of the test voltage and current flowing. To set the test voltage or current you will need to know the expected impedance of the winding at the test frequency. You can measure this using the Z (Impedance) test.
Select the test voltage or current from the table below; find the correct impedance range for your winding and read off the test voltage or current


Impedance Range Test Voltage Test Current
1MO ? 100kO
100kO ? 10kO
10kO ? 1kO
1kO ? 100O
100O ? 10O
10O ? 1O
1O ?
100mO ? 10mO
10mO ? 1mO
5V
5V
5V
3V
0.5V
100mV
10mV
1mV
-
-
30?A
300?A
3mA
10mA
50mA
50mA
50mA
50mA
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